In the field of membrane processes, a distinction is made between various techniques with characteristic degrees of filter fineness. Starting with the coarsest degree of fineness, these are

• Microfiltration 
• Ultrafiltration 
• Nanofiltration 
• Reverse osmosis

While ultrafiltration focuses on reducing microbial contamination, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis also ensure water desalination. Nanofiltration has a lower working pressure than a reverse osmosis solution and is used if you want partial desalination or partial softening. It is a common process in drinking water treatment and process water treatment.

Reverse osmosis systems, also known as UO systems or RO systems, remove salts and organic substances almost completely. The natural process of osmosis (the process of balancing the concentration of two liquids separated by a selectively permeable membrane) is reversed with the aid of pressure. Reverse osmosis systems are used, for example, in laboratories, hospitals and in medical technology or in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food processing industries.

Today, ion exchange resins, artificial polymers, are used which, depending on the application, can perform complete demineralization (also deionization, demineralization, production of demineralized water) or partial demineralization. Probably the best known and longest industrially used example of targeted substance exchange is water softening, which is also used in private households. In order to obtain “soft” water and reduce the formation of limescale, the hardness builders calcium and magnesium are replaced with sodium ions from the ion exchanger. The calcium and magnesium hydrogen carbonates are then available as sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Other applications, for example in electroplating, include the removal and recovery of heavy metals or nitrate removal.

Possible applications of activated carbon filters (excerpt):

• Waste water
• Landfill leachate
• Boiler feed water
• Drinking water
• Groundwater
• Well water
• Industrial waste water
• Gas purification
• Odour removal
• Landfill/biogas
• Decolourization e.g. of food
• Flavour improvement
• Selective filtration e.g. in the chemical industry

The material activated carbon has an enormously high porosity. The inner surface area is in the range of 600 to 1,600 m2/g and thus enables the adsorption of many materials and substances from gases and liquids.

Carbonaceous raw materials such as wood, lignite, hard coal, fruit stones such as olive stones, coconut shells, etc. are used as starting materials for the production of activated carbons. Depending on the type of activation and form (granulate, powder, etc.), the activated carbons have different properties. We take advantage of this and adapt our systems to your needs.

Industrial wastewater contains a wide variety of dirt and pollutants. Our splitting systems clean industrial wastewater reliably using simple and robust technology. The areas of application are wide - almost all processing industries require water or have to treat wastewater. Wastewater recycling is also becoming increasingly important due to increasing cost pressure.

We in Central Europe take clean water for granted. However, we should realise that the amount of usable fresh water is also      limited here      (falling groundwater levels, UFZ drought monitor) and that access can be abruptly denied due to technical faults or environmental events. In such cases, mobile drinking water treatment plants are usually used by disaster control organisations such as the fire brigade, the Federal Agency for Technical Relief, the German Armed Forces or other aid organisations. We will be happy to advise you.